Chuck



Feb. 20, 1923,

C. R. PRATT.

CHUCK.

FILED'AUG.9, 1919.

Patented Feb. 20 1923i; r I

lathe centers; to; secure I whereby work of slightly varying diameters ,g maybe gripped'in the jaws of fthe chuck State of New Jersey, I useful'linprovements inChucks, of which" the following the jaws grip the work so I brought out meral l designates CHARLES R. Peer-nor vrom'cnarm ivnwfla son COMPANY; oswrnnsoa ocus; NECTIG'U'I.

I "Application filed hugust e, 191 s;

To all whom it may concern} a a Be it know'n that I, CiIAnLn's R. PRATT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Montclainin thecountyofylissex and have invented new and is a specificatio j The objects an improved an arrangernent of floating tric work surfaces with an e a each jaw irrespective of the amount ofeccen tricity;'t0 provide means for positively hold ing the -work in "its centered position, thus removing all improved means without change in the radial adjustment of the jaws relative to the center, and with substantially uniform-jaw pressure; to secure high eiiiciencyand great simplicity and durability; to utilize for these purposes spring ring for simultaneously operating the toggles; to arrange such toggles so 'thatthey assume substantially radial same; .to adapt the tain other in the following description. Referring to the accompanying drawing in which like numerals of the same parts throughout the Figural is a face View portions being illustrate the details of construction; c

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional View on the line 2-2 of Fig.1;

Figure 3 is a horizontal the'line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Figure 4 is .a similar'view. on the line 4 4' of Fig. 1; a

- Figure is'an end elevation of the preferred form of half collar, morefully hereinafter described and;

Figure 5 is a section on'fth'e line 66 of Figure hodiment of the invention'illustratedthe nuthe body portion of the oonnncrrour; a so of thisinyentionareto secure chuck for rotating work held.v on centers in a lathe or" the like; to provide jaws whereby the jaws will adapt themselves to grip eccen-f even pressure on bolts The ,j aw

formed the faces of ,uiej aw jaws be ng adjustable relatively 'to the. slides jaw and tool pressure from the toggles for operating the jaws and a floating positions when, as to lock the invention to quick in sertion and removal of the work, and to 010-. 7 objects and results as may he,

7 work; The bits13 reference indicate several views, of a chuck constructed in accordance with myinvention, broken, away to rnore'-olearly sectional view on screw.

Specifically describing. the "preferred 'en1-;

nasaYyessrenon J 1 ch'uck 'liaviiig in its fade 'i adial. guideways i,

floating aw 311(1953, whiQh' eX-J which receive I i tend substantially the I run; length of; the

guideways 2, thus providing a lagehearing surface and great -strength, thedoack J of the; chuck body bei X I recess l toirece'iv'e an. adapter 'toithe chuck by-vmeans fof I slides 33 each receive an v (seashore) which is secured adjustahle -6'fl slidahle inguideways (,7

Orr n EL, noaronlaa r nroimrron on goon ligprovided with an annular. i

3 by means of screws 8 mounted in longiy tudinal semi-circular grooves 9 in thesli d'es Q:

engaging threaded grooves l 0 in the backsofythe jaws Thescrews are'held gainst longitudinal movement-by abutment/s5 11 at the bottoms-ofthegrooves 9 andj'half 3, and

collars secured to 'the" slides, 3,;which en gage: the "topsof the screws 18; i

bit 13, each offsaid bits,. fbeing generally cylindrical; incross-section and fitted withinfl corresponding cylindrical openings, l' ltrans versely of'the 'aw. Each of said; bits-l3vis M .7 I": J :7 I r Each jaw 6 provided with a removable formed onoppositesides thereof with milled" or cut away pcrtionsl5 which form four? f biting-edges 16 I YOneOf hiGh'is adaptedi to grip the work at a time;

replaced, by so sition by; means ofspring pressed pawls 17 slid'ably mounted in 18in the jaws 6 the lower hold-the bit'sii-n position in the openings 14.

red or pin tofrelnoveihe ing 14,

1 13 areb'aek of the work center and :thus hold "pressure 1 and "no work than any, tootli oivdog set By rotation in v the openings 14 the adapt themselves, to angular jWO Tk, surfaces, such? as tapered the work with lessjaw greater 1110181011 into -the other form of, hard aw hits 13 can automatically Shaft-s. r j v The aws 6 are} ad ju'stable' relatively" to v the slides 3 to accommodate largevariatioiis in the diameter ofjvthe work inserted'in the 'selt except as required by tuating said to sald toggles, said member shlftable trans member freely 'shii'table mum variation in diameters of work, and the toggle motion and floating ring 23 provide for quick gripping and removal of the l 0 accommodate small 'varla tions in diameter of work, and eccentric work, and als work surfaces.

changes may be mad the followin claims when construed inthe light of the priorart. r i i Having thus described the claim is. r 4 I l. A chuck including a body portion, mov able jaws mounted thereon, a floating distortable, resilient, yielding ring, and means connecting said floating ring "and. jaws for simultaneously actuating said jaws. I 2. A'check for use in turning work on not wish to be understood as limitin m centers including a body portion, movable jaws mounted thereon, resilient means adapted, prior to closure of the jaws on the work, to move bodily and freely in a plane parallel to the planeof the means connecting said jaws and said resilient means for actuating the jaws.

v 3. Achuck includinga able jaws mounted thereon, .toggles for acversely of the body portion and rotatable for simultaneously appl ing spring pressure to said jaws. 4. A chuck including abody portion, movable jaws mounted thereon, tuating v of said toggles and shiftable transversely of said body portion of the chuck, said means supplying each jaw. v

5. A chuck including abody portion, movable j aws mounted thereon, amember rotatable and bodily movable said body portion of the chuck, a toggle connected toeach of said jaws'and to tne said independent member, and, means tuating said toggles. j Y

6. A chuck including a body portion, movable jaws mounted thereon, tortable ring independent of portion of the chuck, a toggle between each of said jaws andto the floating ring, and means for actuating the toggles.

T. A chuck including a'b-ody ablejm mounted thereon, a fioatingspring ring independent of the said body portion of the chuck, a toggle connected to each of saidljaws and to said floating springring, and means for actuating said toggles. v 8. A chuck including a body portion, movable jaws mounted thereon,

invention, what chuck body, and

body portion, movaws, anda member connectedi toggles forfacsaid' aws, means connected to each spring pressure individually toindependent of f spring ring, said thrust mem a floating, 'disthe said bodyportion', mov

a rotatable transversely of the,

said "body portioniof for translatin rotar movement", of isaidz member into rectilinear mo men of said j H j v H 9. body portion and jaws carried in; guided :re-

lation theretojoi togglesfor moving said; jaws, and. a floatin' Zre'silient 'ring on said body portion for'operating said, togglesbody 7 thereon, of toggles forunoving. saidjaws, and rotary means for. simultaneously a 'aply ing direct springpressure to saidftogglesa ll. Achuck including a body portion,

movhblejawsmounted thereon, and floating." said aws by-'spr1ngmeans .for actuating pressure, whereby tobring the jaws successively. into engagement with the work; and exerta uniform pressure thereonf" 12. A Jchuck. movable jaws mounted'thereon, and a floating spring ring for applying pressure to said .jaws, wneresy lathe centers may e pressure. i

A chuck comprising,*'in; combination a body portion, jQWSCaII'IGCl 1n guided rela:

tion to said body, portion, and floating, lever means for pressing said aws against the work, whereby work surfaces of varyingdiameters or eccentric to the lathe centers may;

be gripped. withnniform j aw pressure chuck nclud ng a body portlo, aws mounted thereon, afloatmg movable spring ring normally un'dertension, and for sa1d aws connected to tuatlng means sa d spring ring.

15. A chuck including a body portion,

m vablejaws mounted thereon, aresilient ne' al y under tension, thrust between said resilient. ringxandl movable movable .spring ring normally .under tension, and thrust members between proportioned to distort the jaws are gripping the work. 17. chuck including movable jaws operating said being brought locking position, not withstanding tions, with-in lin'ii'ts, workfgripped by the jaws. 8. Qt. chuck for holding work on lathe centers comp'risin portion, floati 'Yari a jaws, a floatingresilient :In a chuck, f the l; combination with I a In a chuck, the combination .with, portion, and jaws radially movable includingia body portion,"

work eccentric to r the gr pped with a. uniform f,

members said jaws and ersshaped and ring; when the abody portion,.. mounted thereon, toggles for f jaws, and yielding means co operating with said toggles to permit their to-a substantially full radial of the diameter of the f so i jaws, and. means for actuating said thrust. 1 members. i 16. A chuck including a body portion,

lid. W [jaws mounted thereon, afloating 126 incombinatloii, afibody ring, and means betweensaid Qli'ng' and jaws forsimultaneously actuatingsaid jaws. 1 9. A chuckfor holding work on lathe centers comprising, in combination, a body portion, floating jaws, a floating resilient ring, and means between said ring and jaws for simultaneously actuating said jaws attendant distoi ion of said ring.

20. A chuck r holding work on lathe centers comprising, in con'ibination, a body portion, floating jaws, a floating resilient ring, and means between said ring and jaws for simultaneor l actuating said jaws with attendant distor 1011 of said ring, the pressure on said jaws being equalized by said ring and determined by the degree oil distortion of said 21. [it chuck comprising, in combination, a body portion, a aw, a spring; on the leaf type, thrust member between said spring and jaw, and means "for changing the angle of said thrust member relative to the jaw, said spring yielding when a predetermined pressure of the jaw on the work has been reached.

22'. A chuck a body having a guideway jaw slidable in said guideway, spring means pressing said jaw toward the work, and a work-gripping); bit carried by said jaw and engaging the work at a point out of the line or? radial movement of the in a direction rearwardly thereo'i considered with reference to the direction of rotation of the chuck, whereby minimum radial pressure will progripping ot the in combination,

comprising,

therein, main duce maximum torsional work.

28. A chuck inclucdngmovable jaws, a floating; r necting said floa a bot y portion,

ting rin and jaws for simultaneous yielding rnoveine, t in the worken gaging; direction.

A. chuck comprising, in com body portion, jaws, floating means and means for transmitting jaw-closing force initially to a part d'iect y carried by said body, thence to said floating means and thence to said jaws.

25. A chuck comprising, in combination, a body portion, jaws, tlor means and means for transmitting jaw-cios' initially to eccentric means directly can. 7 by said body, thence to said floating means and thence to said jaws.

20. i chuck comprising a body portion, floating; s thrust means between said n'ieans and the work.

27. A chuck for holding); l e centers comprising, in coiu'oii o't floating jaws,

combination, means. and

ralit means for loading; sa L ply pressure to the said spring means to 1b.... the jaws.

28. chuck "for en omprising,

floating aws,

holding work on lat in (tOll'OlllitlOll, a pluspring means and ing and means 0011- I the chuck body in a dire tion means l'or loading said sprin means to apply pressure to the jaws and for unloading said spring means to remove pressure from the jaws, said spring means at all. times under init 'ress in the direction in which aws becoming fixed axially when the jaws engage the work, and

means permitting further swinging of sa1d thrust elements about said pivots after the same become fixed axially.

30. A chu-z'k for turning work on centers comprisingg in combination, a plurality oi tioatii slides, adjustable jaws carried by said s es, limiting means ror determining the extent oi? movement ct said slides in a direction away from the axis of the chuck, said limiting; means, ween the slides are fully opened to receive the work, determininc the relative position of said floating slides to each other and to the lathe center.

o.-. chuck for turning work on lathe enters comprising in coi'nbination, a plua ity of floating; slides, and limiting means r determining; the extent of movement 0t id slides in a direction away from the axis it the chuck, said limitingmeans tending LO center said slides when fully open to receive the work.

ii. chuck for turning; work on lathe enters comprising, in combination, a plurainy of floating}; slides, worloggrippin jaws adj -stably attachedto said slides, and limiting means for determiningthe extent of movement of said slides in a direction away from the axis of the chuck, said limiting means tending to center said slides when ifu' y open to receive the work and thereby tending; to centre the workipping; jaws,

in a chuck in combination with a body portion providing an axial bore "for TEECBlHIlQ a lathe centre'said body portion non-shi its relative said lathe centre, jaws shdable in defined paths toward and from the axis of the chuck bony, and jawoperating; means shittable hodil elative to ansverse to the axis oi the chuck body. said jaw-operati o; means operable coordinatel to actuate a plural '5 said jaws thereby to permit the location of the (PIES ot the work to be determined by the by when ,11'1531 the jaws lathe centre and wherework the positions of to one another and relacoordinately shape of the reiath c tire to the chuck body may be i no position and determined a couch, in combination with a body portion providing an axial bore for portion, jaws, toggles for moving floating rotatable means for operating said portion, a floating said body portion said lathe centre,

receivin a lathe centre, non-shifting relative to jaws slidable in defined from the axis of the chuck body, and'jawoperating means carrying angularly shiftable thrust elements coordinately to actuate a plurality of said jaws, said j aw-operating means shiftable bodily relative to the chuck body ina direction transverse tothe axis of the chuck body, thereby to permit the loca-. tion of the axis of the work to be determined by the lathe centre and whereby, when gripping the work the positions of the jaws relative to one another'and relative to the chuck body may be determined by the position and shape of the work.

35. In a chuck. the combination ofa body fixed relative to the lathe spindle, a plurality of jaws radially guided in said body, means for coordinately moving said to grip and release the work, said means for moving saidjaws mounted for tree movement radially to insure engagement of the work by all of said jaws' prior to final grip ping of the work by the jaws.

36. I portion, a floating portion driven by said body portion, work-gripping means. means on said body portion for determiningthe directions of wor gripping andjreleasing movement of said Worl gripping means and means between said floating portion and said work-gripping means for transmitting opening and closing force from S%1-1ClflO&l31n :})0l' tion to said work-gripping means.

i 37. In a chuck, the combination of a body said aws.

toggles but rectilinearly shiftable ina plane perpendicular to said axis, and means for turning said rotatable means relative to the chuck body. a

38. In a chuck, the combination of abody portion driven by said body portion, work-gripping means, means on said body portion for determining the di rections of work-gripping and releasing movement of said work-gripping means and means between said floating portion and said work-gripping means for transmitting opening and closing force from said floating portion. to said work-gripping means, said means on said body portion for determining the directions of work-gripping and releasing movement relieving said floating portion of torsion and lateral strains 7 p operation of the machine carrying the chuck.

39. A chuck comprising, in combinatiom'a chuck body having provision for receiving axially a lathecentre, said chuck body nonshiftable relative to said lathe centre, a rality of jaws, means for coordinately moving said jaws toward the work, said means paths toward r and jaws radially rality of work-gripping tion having slideways for guiding the movement of said jaws, floating means formov-rf slideways,. said float the position ofisaid 1 n' a chuck, the combination of a body EQll : a We in said slidewaysavays organized with thecooperating arising from. I

permitting work to be centered by said lathe I I centre and the grippingposition of said jaws to be determined by the points ofengagein ent between thejaws and the workf 40. Alchuck a body, jaws, floating means to operate said jaws and cooperating means on the chuck body and on saidfloatingmeans tending to locate saidfloating means in defined position. a when said aws are-fully .opento receive the work.

ll. chuck portion, aws,

comprising, in combination, a-

and means acting comprising, in combination,

through the-floating portion for moving the jaws into worl nengaging position,whereby when gripping the work the position of said l jaws relative to one another'andrelative" to the chuck body may be determined by the" Q position and shape of the work; 5 l

chuck for turning workfon a lathe 1 V centre comprising, in combination, a plu 1 aws, a body poring said jaws in said ing means permitting to'be determined by theposition of the work, saidjaws and slideto bind against one another, after the jaws grip the .work, whereby strains tendingto l i move the work relative to the body are taken primarily by the body and notbythe centre. 1

lathe 43. In a-ch1 ick, the combination Withfa of toggles for-moving saidjaws, and a floating ring'capable of shiftingwith respectto the body portion for operating-.said toggles. 45. In a chuck, the combination witha body portion and jaws'radially movable thereon, of toggles for movingsaid jaws, and floating means for coordinately operatingsaid toggles. adaptedto shifttransversely ofthe chuck.

4.6. In av chuck. the combination with a body portion and adjustable jaws thereon, 111g" r ng-on saidbody portion tor-operating sail toggles; f v 47. In. a chuck, the combination with a body portion and adjustable jaws thereon, olf' toggles for ring on said bodyportion for toggles, and means for turning ring with respect to the chuck body."

oriannns R. r na rr. I

portion for operating said p the combination with a adjustable jaws thereon,

id means arranged and 5 moving said'jaws, a floatingoperating said f p said floating I of toggles for moving said jaws, and a float 

